Документ не применяется. Подробнее см. Справку

Список литературы

1. Richardson P., McKenna W., Bristow M. et al. Report of the 1995 World Health Organization/International Society and Federation of Cardiology Task Force on the Definition and Classification of cardiomyopathies. Circulation 1996; 93: 841 - 842.

2. Cooper L.T. Jr: Myocarditis. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 1526.

3. Magnani J.W., Deg G.W. Myocarditis: Current Trends in Diagnosis and Treatment. Circulation. 2006; 113: 876 - 890.

4. Dennert R., Crijns H.L., Heymans S. Acute viral myocarditis. Eur. Heart J. 2008; 29: 2073 - 2082.

5. Caforio A.L., Pankuweit S., Arbustini E., Basso C., Gimeno-Blanes J., Felix S.B., Fu M., Helio T., Heymans S., Jahns R., Klingel K., Linhart A., Maisch B., McKenna W., Mogensen J., Pinto Y.M., Ristic A., Schultheiss H.P., Seggewiss H., Tavazzi L., Thiene G., Yilmaz A., Charron P., Elliott P.M. Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J 2013; 34: 2636 - 2648.

6. Kawai C. Idiopathic cardiomyopathy: a study on the infectiousimmune theory as a cause of the disease. Jpn Circ J. 1971; 35: 765 - 770.

7. Kawai C, Matsumori A, Kitaura Y, Takatsu T. Viruses and the heart: viral myocarditis and cardiomyopathy. Prog Cardiol. 1978; 7: 141 - 162.

8. Gauntt C. and Huber S. Coxsackievirus experimental heart diseases. Frontiers in Bioscience 2003; 8: 23 - 35.

9. Takeda N. Cardiomyopathy: molecular and immunological aspects. Int J Mol Med. 2003 Jan; 11(1): 13-6.

10. Mason J.W. Myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy: an inflammatory link. Cardiovasc Res. 2003 Oct 15; 60(1): 5 - 10.

11. Ellis C.R., Di Salvo T. Myocarditis: basic and clinical aspects. Cardiol. Rev 2007 15; 170 - 177.

12. Lee G.H., Badorff C., Knowlton K.U. Dissociation of sarcoglycans and the dystrophin carboxyl terminus from the sarcolemma in enteroviral cardiomyopathy. Circ Res 2000; 87: 489 - 495.

13. Huber S.A. Animal models: immunological aspects. In: Banatvla JE, ed. Viral Infections in the Heart. London, UK: Edward Arnold; 1993: 82 - 109.

14. Bergelson J.M., Cunningham J.A., Droguett G., et al. Isolation of a common receptor for coxsackie B viruses and adenoviruses 2 and 5. Science 1997; 275: 1320-3.

15. Bergelson J.M., Mohanty J.G., Crowell RL, et al. Coxsackievirus B3 adapted to growth in RD cells binds to decay-accelerating factor (CD55). J Virol 1995; 69: 1903-6.

16. Shafren D.R., Bates R.C., Agrez M.V., et al. Coxsackieviruses B1, B3, and B5 use decay accelerating factor as a receptor for cell attachment. J Virol 1995; 69: 3873-7.

17. Coyne C., Bergelson J. CAR: a virus receptor within the tight junction. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2005; 57: 869-82.

18. Shi Y., Chen C., Lisewski U., et al. Cardiac deletion of the coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor abolishes coxsackievirus B3 infection and prevents myocarditis in vivo. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2009; 53 (14): 1219-26.

19. Badorff C., Lee G.H., Lamphear B.J. et al. Enteroviral protease 2A cleaves dystrophin: evidence of cytoskeletal disruption in an acquired cardiomyopathy. Nat Med 1999; 5: 320-6.

20. Tomko R., Xu R., Philipson L. HCAR and MCAR: the human and mouse cellular receptors for subgroup C adenoviruses and group B coxsackieviruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94: 3352-6.

21. Huber S.A., Autoimmunity in coxsackievirus B3 induced myocarditis. Autoimmunity 2006; 39: 55 - 61.

22. Wickham T.J., Filardo E.J., Cheresh D.A., et al. Integrin alpha v beta 5 selectively promotes adenovirus mediated cell membrane permeabilization. J Cell Biol 1994; 127: 257 - 264.

23. Fechner H., Noutsias M., Tschoepe C., et al: Induction of coxsackievirus-adenovirus-receptor expression during myocardial tissue formation and remodeling: identification of a cell-to-cell contact-dependent regulatory mechanism. Circulation 2003; 107: 876 - 882.

24. Kashimura T., Kodama M., Hotta Y., et al. Spatiotemporal changes of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor in rat hearts during postnatal development and in cultured cardiomyocytes of neonatal rat. Virchows Arch 2004; 444: 283 - 292.

25. Brown K.E., Hibbs J.R., Gallinella G., et al. Resistance to parvovirus B19 infection due to lack of virus receptor (erythrocyte P antigen). N Engl J Med. 1994 Apr 28; 330(17): 1192-6.

26. Weigel-Kelley K.A., Yoder M.C., Srivastava A. Recombinant human parvovirus B19 vectors: erythrocyte P antigen is necessary but not sufficient for successful transduction of human hematopoietic cells. J Virol. 2001; 75(9): 4110.

27 Weigel-Kelley K.A., Yoder M.C., Srivastava A. Alpha5beta1 integrin as a cellular coreceptor for human parvovirus B19: requirement of functional activation of beta1 integrin for viral entry. Blood. 2003 Dec 1; 102(12): 3927-33.

28. 00000001.wmz B.D., Sotlar K., Klingel K. Parvovirus B19. N Engl J Med. 2004 May 6; 350(19): 2006-7.

29. Pankuweit S., Ruppert V., Maisch B. Inflammation in dilated cardiomyopathy. Herz 2004; 29: 788 - 793.

30. Pankuweit S., Portig I., Maisch B., et al. Pathophysiology of cardiac inflammation: Molecular mechanisms. Herz 2002; 27: 669 - 676.

31. Maisch B., Ristic A., Hufnagel G., et al. Pathophysiology of viral myocarditis. The role of humoral immune response. Cardiovasc Pathol 2002; 11: 112 - 122.

32. Burch G.E., Giles T.D. The role of viruses in the production of heart disease. Am J Cardiol. 1972 Feb; 29(2): 231-40.

33. Koontz C.H., Ray C.G. The role of coxsackievirus B infections in sporadic myopericarditis. Am Heart J. 1971 Dec; 82(6): 750-8.

34. Pongpanich B., Boonpucknavig S., Was C., et al. Immunopathology of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. The demonstration of Coxsackie group B viral antigen in the myocardium. Clin Rheumatol. 1983 Sep; 2(3): 217-22.

35. Habara M., Fujieda H., Nakamura Y. Images in cardiology. Atrial myocarditis: a possible cause of idiopathic enlargement of bilateral atria. Heart. 2006; 92(6): 842.

36. Frantz S., Kelly R.A., Bourcier T. Toll-like receptors and the cardiovascular system. In: Feuerstein GZ, Libby P, Mann DL, editors. Inflammation and cardiac diseases. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag. 2003: 129-41.

37. Kyto V., Sipila J., Rautava P. The effects of gender and age on occurrence of clinically suspected myocarditis in adulthood. Heart. 2013 Nov. Vol. 99(22). P. 1681 - 1684. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304449.

38. Magnani J.W., Danik H.J., Dec G.W. Jr., DiSalvo T.G. Survival in biopsy-proven myocarditis: a long-term retrospective analysis of the histopathologic, clinical, and hemodynamic predictors. Am Heart J. 2006. Vol. 151. P. 463 - 470. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2005.03.037.

39. Fairweather D., Cooper L.T.Jr., Blauwet L.A. Sex and gender differences in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2013. Vol. 38. P. 7 - 46. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2012.07.003.

40. Saji T., Matsuura H., Hasegawa K., Nishikawa T., Yamamoto E., Ohki H., Yasukochi S., Arakaki Y., Joo K., Nakazawa M. Comparison of the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of fulminant and acute myocarditis in children. Circ J. 2012. Vol. 76. P. 1222 - 1228.

41. Kawai C. From myocarditis to cardiomypathy: mechanisms of inflammation and cell death: learning from the past for the future. Circulation 1999; 99: 1091 - 1100.

42. Feldman A.M., McNamara D. Myocarditis. N. Engl. J. Med., 2000. 343: 1388 - 1398.

43. Sekiguchi M., Take M. World survey of catheter biopsy of the heart. In: Sekiguchi M, Olsen EG, editors. Cardiomyopathy: clinical, pathological and theoretical aspects. Baltimore, USA: University Park Press, 1988. p. 217-25.

44. Grist N.R., Bell E.J. A six-year study of coxsackievirus B infections in heart disease. J. Hyg. (London) 73: 165 - 172, 1974.

45. Gaaloul et al. Sudden unexpected death related to enterovirus myocarditis: histopathology, immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology diagnosis at post-mortem. BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12: 212.

46. Bowles N.E., Ni J., Kearney D.L., et al. Detection of viruses in myocardial tissues by polymerase chain reaction: Evidence of adenovirus as a common cause of myocarditis in children and adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 42: 466, 2003.

47. Mahrholdt H., Wagner A., Deluigi C.C., et al. Presentation, patterns of myocardial damage, and clinical course of viral myocarditis. Circulation 2006; 114: 1581 - 1590.

48. Schultz J.C, Hiliard A.A, Cooper L.T. et al. Diagnosis and treatment of viral myocarditis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009: 84(11): 1001-9.

49. Aretz H.T., Billingham M.E., Edwards W.D. et al. Myocarditis: A histopathologic definition and classification. Am J Cardiovasc Pathol 1: 3, 1987.

50. Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of myocarditis (JCS 2009): digest version. Circ J 2011 4; 75(3): 734-43. Epub 2011 Feb 4.

51. Klein R.M., Jiang H., Niederacher D., et al. Frequency and quantity of the parvovirus B19 genome in endomyocardial biopsies from patients with suspected myocarditis or idiopathic left ventricular dysfunction. Z Kardiol. 2004; 93: 300 - 309.

52. Палеев Н.Р., Палеев Ф.Н. Классификация некоронарогенных заболеваний миокарда. Кардиология, 2008, N 9, с. 53 - 58.

53. Lieberman E.B., Hutchins G.M., Herskowitz A., Rose N.R., Baughman K.L. Clinicopathologic description of myocarditis. J. Am Coll. Cardiol. - 1991. - Vol. 18, N 7. - P. 1617 - 1626.

54. Dec G.W. Introduction to clinical myocarditis. Cooper L.T. (eds). Totowa, New Jersey: Humana Press; 2003. 257 - 281.

55 Mestroni L., Maisch B., McKenna W.J., et al. Guidelines for the study of familial dilated cardiomyopathies. European Heart Journal. 1999; 20: 93 - 102.

56. Hufnagel G., Pankuweit S., Richter A., Schonian U., Maisch B. The European Study of Epidemiology and Treatment of Cardiac Inflammatory Diseases (ESETCID): first epidemiological results. Herz. 2000; 25(3): 279 - 285.

57. Brown C.A., O'Connel J.B. Implications of the myocarditis treatment trial for clinical practice. Curr Opin Cardiol. 1996; 11: 332 - 336.

58. Mason J.W., Sanjeev T., Renlund D.G. Myocarditis. Cardiovascular Medicine. - 3rd edition/James T. Willerson, Hein J.J. Wellens, Jay N. Cohn and David R. Holmes Jr. - Springer, 2007. - Vol. 1. - P. 1313 - 1347.

59. Brady W.J., Ferguson J.D., Ullman E.A., Perron A.D. Myocarditis: emergency department recognition and management. Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. - 2004. - Vol. 22(4). - P. 865 - 885.

60. Caforio A.L.P, Brucato A., Doria A., Brambilla G., Angelini A., Ghirardello A., Bottaro S., Tona F., Betterle C., Daliento L., Thiene G., Iliceto S. Anti-heart and anti-intercalated disk autoantibodies: evidence for autoimmunity in idiopathic recurrent acute pericarditis. Heart 2010; 96: 779 - 784.

61. Deswal A., Petersen N.J., Feldman A.M., Young J.B., White B.G., Mann D.L. Cytokines and cytokine receptors in advanced heart failure: an analysis of the cytokine database from the Vesnarinone trial (VEST). Circulation 2001; 103: 2055 - 2059.

62. Jensen J., Ma L.P., Fu M.L., Svaninger D., Lundberg P.A., Hammarsten O. Inflammation increases NT-proBNP and the NT-proBNP/BNP ratio. Clin Res Cardiol 2010; 99: 445 - 452.

63. Lauer B., Schannwell M., 00000002.wmz U., Strauer B.E., Schultheiss H.P. Antimyosin autoantibodies are associated with deterioration of systolic and diastolic left ventricular function in patients with chronic myocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 1106 - 1110.

64. Heymans S. Myocarditis and heart failure: need for better diagnostic, predictive, and therapeutic tools. Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 1279 - 1280.

65. Kuhl U., Schulthheiss H.P. Viral myocarditis. Swiss Md Wkly. 2014; 144: w14010.

66. de Filippi C.R., de Lemos J.A., Christenson R.H., et al. Association of serial measures of cardiac troponin T using a sensitive assay with incident heart failure and cardiovascular mortality in older adults. JAMA 2010; 304: 2494 - 2502.

67 Liu P., Martino T., Opavsky M.A., Penninger J. Viral myocarditis: balance between viral infection and immune response. Can J Cardiol 1996; 12: 935 - 943.

68. 00000003.wmz U., Pauschinger M., Noutsias M., Seeberg B., Bock T., Lassner D., Poller W., Kandolf R., Schultheiss H.P. High prevalence of viral genomesand multiple viral infections in the myocardium of adults with 'Idiopathic' left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 2005; 111: 887 - 893.

69. Mahfoud F., 00000004.wmz B., Kindermann M., Ukena C., Gadomski K., Klingel K., Kandolf R., 00000005.wmz M., Kindermann I. Virus serology in patients with suspected myocarditis: utility or futility?. Eur Heart J 2011; 32: 897 - 903.

70. Caforio A.L., Calabrese F., Angelini A., Tona F., Vinci A., Bottaro S., Ramondo A., Carturan E., Iliceto S., Thiene G., Daliento L. A prospective study of biopsy-proven myocarditis: prognostic relevance of clinical and aetiopathogenetic features at diagnosis. Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 1326 - 1333.

71. Ukena C., Mahfoud F., Kindermann I., Kandolf R., Kindermann M., Bohm M. Prognostic electrocardiographic parameters in patients with suspected myocarditis. Eur JHeart Fail 2011; 13: 398 - 405.

72. Celia M., Oakley. Myocarditis//Education in heart. Series editor Piter Mills. - BMJ Books, 2001. - Vol. 1. - P. 221 - 223.

73. Kuhl U. Viral persistence in the myocardium is associated with progressive cardiac dysfunction. Circulation - 2005. - V. 212. - P. 1965 - 1970.

74. Yilmaz A., Klingel K., Kandolf R., Sechtem U. Imaging in inflammatory heart disease: from the past to current clinical practice. Hellenic J Cardiol 2009; 50: 449 - 460.

75. Felker G.M., Boehmer J.P., Hruban R.H., Hutchins G.M., Kasper E.K., Baughman K.L., Hare J.M. Echocardiographic findings in fulminant and acute myocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36: 227 - 232.

76. Pinamonti B., Alberti E., Cigalotto A., Dreas L., Salvi A., Silvestri F., Camerini F. Echocardiographic findings in myocarditis. Am J Cardiol 1988; 62: 285 - 291.

77. Friedrich M.G., Sechtem U., Schulz-Menger J., et al. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Myocarditis: A JACC White Paper. 2009; 53(17): 1475 - 1487.

78. Сафиуллина А.А., Нарусов О.Ю., Шария М.А., Ширяев Г.А., Алаева Е.Н., Щедрина, А.Ю., Скворцов А.А., Терещенко С.Н. Роль магнитно-резонансной томографии в диагностике воспалительных заболеваний миокарда. Кардиологический вестник, 2012; 7(1): 41 - 47.

79. Сафиуллина А.А., Шария М.А., Нарусов О.Ю. Алаева Е.Н., Терещенко С.Н. Диагностические возможности магнитно-резонансной томографии сердца у больных с воспалительной кардиомиопатией: сопоставление результатов с данными эндомиокардиальной биопсии и клинической картиной. Журнал "Терапевтический архив" 2013, N 4, стр. 22 - 28.

80. Voigt A., Elgeti T., Durmus T. et al. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Adults-Towards Identification of Myocardial Inflammation. Eur Radiol 2011; 21(5): 925 - 935.

81. 00000006.wmz R., Christiani R., Freyhardt P. et al. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in acute myocarditis and correlation with immunohistological parameters. Eur Radiol 2011; 21(6): 1259 - 1266.

82. Luetkens J.A., Homsi R., Dabir D., Kuetting D.L., Marx C., Doerner J., Schlesinger-Irsch U., 00000007.wmz R., Sprinkart A.M., Schmeel F.C., Stehning C., Fimmers R., Gieseke J., Naehle C.P., Schild H.H., Thomas D.K. Comprehensive Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for Short-Term Follow-Up in Acute Myocarditis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Jul 19; 5(7).

83. Roller F.C., Harth S., Schneider C., Krombach G.A. Rofo. T1, T2 Mapping and Extracellular Volume Fraction (ECV): Application, Value and Further Perspectives in Myocardial Inflammation and Cardiomyopathies. 2015 Sep; 187(9): 760-70.

84. Kellman P., Wilson J.R., Xue H., Ugander M., Arai A.E. Extracellular volume fraction mapping in the myocardium, part 1: evaluation of an automated method. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2012; 14: 63.

85. Dass S., Suttie JJ, Piechnik SK, Ferreira VM, Holloway CJ, Banerjee R, Mahmod M., Cochlin L., Karamitsos T.D., Robson M.D., Watkins H., Neubauer S. Myocardial tissue characterization using magnetic resonance non contrast T1 mapping in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012; 6: 726-33.

86. Puntmann V.O., Voigt T., Chen Z., Mayr M., Karim R., Rhode K., Pastor A., Carr-White G., Razavi R., Schaeffter T., Nagel E. Native T1 mapping in differentiation of normal myocardium from diffuse disease in hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiovasc Imgaging 2013; 6: 475-84.

87. Ferreira V.M., Piechnik S.K., Dall'Armellina E., Karamitsos T.D., Francis J.M., Choudhury R.P., Friedrich M.G., Robson M.D., Neubauer S. Non-contrast T1-mapping detects acute myocardial edema with high diagnostic accuracy: a comparison to T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2012; 14: 42.

88. Dall'Armellina E., Piechnik S.K., Ferreira V.M., Si Q.l., Robson M.D., Francis J.M., Cuculi F., Kharbanda R.K., Banning A.P., Choudhury R.P., Karamitsos T.D., Neubauer S. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance by non contrast T1-mapping allows assessment of severity of injury in acute myocardial infarction. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2012; 14: 15.

89. Raman F.S., Kawel-Boehm N., Gai N., Freed M., Han J., Liu C.Y., Lima J.A.C., Bluemke D.A., Liu S. Modified look-locker inversion recovery T1 mapping indices: assessment of accuracy and reproducibility between magnetic resonance scanners. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013; 15: 64.

90. Thavendiranathan P., Walls M., Giri S., Verhaert D., Rajagopalan S., Moore S., Simonetti O.P., Raman S.V. Improved detection of myocardial involvement in acute inflammatory cardiomyopathies using T2 Mapping. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2012; 5: 102 - 110. 27.

91. Cooper L.T., Baughman K.L., Feldman A.M et al. The Role of Endomyocardial Biopsy in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology. J of the American College of Cardiology 2007; 50(19): 1914 - 1931.

92. Baughman K.L. Diagnosis of myocarditis: death of Dallas criteria. Circulation. 2006; Jan 31; 113(4): 593-5.

93. Maisch B., Beltman Factor S., et al. World Heart Federation consensus conferences' definition of inflammatory cardiomyopathy (myocarditis): report from two expert committees on histology and viral cardiomyopathy. Heartbeat. 1999; 4: 3 - 4. 143.

94. Hershberger R.E., Cowan J., Morales A., Siegfried J.D. Progress with genetic cardiomyopathies: screening, counseling, and testing in dilated, hypertrophic, and arrhythmogenic right dysplasia|cardiomyopathy. Circ heart Fail. 2009; 2(3): 253-61.

95. Chow L.H., Radio S.J., Sears T.D., McManus B.M. Insensitivity of right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of myocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1989; 14: 915 - 920.

96. Deckers J.W., Hare J.M., Baughman K.M. Complications of transvenous right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy in adult patients with cardiomyopathy: a seven-year survey of 546 consecutive diagnostic procedures in a tertiary referral center. J Am Coll Card. 1992; 19: 43 - 47.

97. Shirani J., Freant L.J., Roberts W.C. Gross and semiquantitative histologic findings in mononuclear cell myocarditis causing sudden death, and implications for endomyocardial biopsy. Am J Cardiol 1993; 72: 952 - 957.

98. Priori S.G., 00000008.wmz C., Mazzanti A., Blom N., Borggrefe M., Camm J., Elliott P.M., Fitzsimons D., Hatala R., Hindricks G., Kirchhof P., Kjeldsen K., Kuck K-H., Hernandez-Madrid A., Nikolaou N., Norekva°l T.M., Spaulding C., Van Veldhuisen D.J. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death: the Task Force for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death of the Europe. Eur Heart J 2015; 36: 2793 - 2867.

99. Ponikowski P., Voors A.A., Anker S.D., Bueno H., Cleland J.G., Coats A.J., Falk V., 00000009.wmz J.R., Harjola V.P., Jankowska E.A., Jessup M., Linde C., Nihoyannopoulos P., Parissis J.T., Pieske B., Riley J.P., Rosano G.M., Ruilope L.M., Ruschitzka F., Rutten F.H., van der Meer P.; Authors/Task Force Members; Document Reviewers. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016 Aug; 18(8): 891 - 975. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.592. Epub 2016 May 20.

100. Mirabel M., Luyt C.E., Leprince P., Trouillet J.L., Le'ger P., Pavie A., Chastre J., Combes A. Outcomes, long-term quality of life, and psychologic assessment of fulminant myocarditis patients rescued by mechanical circulatory support. Crit Care Med 2011; 39: 1029 - 1035.

101. Chen Y.S., Wang M.J., Chou N.K., Han Y.Y., Chiu I.S., Lin F.Y., Chu S.H., Ko W.J. Rescue for acute myocarditis with shock by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Ann Thorac Surg 1999; 68: 2220 - 2224.

102. Hsu K.H., Chi N.H., Yu H.Y., Wang .CH., Huang SC, Wang SS, Ko WJ, Chen YS. Extracorporeal membranous oxygenation support for acute fulminant myocarditis: analysis of a single center's experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2011; e-pub, 18 February.doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2010.12.050.

103. Schultheiss H.P, 00000010.wmz U., Cooper L.T. The management of myocarditis. Eur Heart J. 2011 Nov; 32(21): 2616-25. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr165. Epub 2011 Jun 23. + Blauwet L.A, Cooper L.T. Myocarditis. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 52 (2010), 274 - 288.

104. Godsel L.M., Leon J.S., Wang K., Fornek J.L., Molteni A., Engman D.M. Captopril prevents experimental autoimmune myocarditis. J Immunol, 171 (2003), pp. 346 - 352.

105. Reyes M.P., Khatib R., Khatib G., Ho K.L., Smith F., Kloner R.A. Prolonged captopril therapy in murine viral myocarditis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther, 3 (1998), pp. 43 - 50.

106. Bahk T.J., Daniels M.D., Leon J.S., Wang K., Engman D.M. Comparison of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockade for the prevention of experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Int J Cardiol, 125 (2008), pp. 85 - 93.

107. Zhang Y.Y., Li J.N., Xia H.H., Zhang S.L., Zhong J., Wu Y.Y., Miao S.K., Zhou L.M. Protective effects of losartan in mice with chronic viral myocarditis induced by coxsackievirus B3. Life Sci. 2013 Jul 10; 92(24 - 26): 1186-94. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.05.010. Epub 2013 May 20.

108. Saegusa S., Fei Y., Takahashi T., Sumino H., Moriya J., Kawaura K., Yamakawa J., Itoh T., Morimoto S., Nakahashi T., Iwai K., Matsumoto M., Kanda T. Oral administration of candesartan improves the survival of mice with viral myocarditis through modification of cardiac adiponectin expression. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2007; 21: 155 - 160.

109. Seko Y. Effect of the angiotensin II receptor blocker olmesartan on the development of murine acute myocarditis caused by coxsackievirus B3Clin Sci (Lond), 110 (2006), pp. 379 - 386.

110. Sukumaran V., Watanabe K., Veeraveedu P.T., et al. Beneficial effects of olmesartan, an angiotensin II receptor type 1 antagonist, in rats with dilated cardiomyopathy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood), 235 (2010), pp. 1338 - 1346.

111. Godsel L.M., Leon J.S., Engman D.M. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in experimental myocarditis. Curr Pharm Des, 9 (2003), pp. 723 - 735.

112. Kindermann I., Kindermann M., Kandolf R., et al. Predictors of outcome in patients with suspected myocarditis. Circulation, 118 (2008), pp. 639 - 648.

113. Yuan Z., Shioji K., Kihara Y., Takenaka H., Onozawa Y., Kishimoto C. Cardioprotective effects of carvedilol on acute autoimmune myocarditis: anti-inflammatory effects associated with antioxidant property. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 286 (2004), pp. H83 - H90.

114. Rezkalla S., Kloner R.A., Khatib G., Smith F.E., Khatib R. Effect of metoprolol in acute coxsackievirus B3 murine myocarditis J Am Coll Cardiol, 12 (1988), pp. 412 - 414.

115. Veeraveedu P.T., Watanabe K, Ma M., Thandavarayan R.A., Palaniyandi S.S., Yamaguchi K., Suzuki K., Kodama M., Aizawa Y. Comparative effects of torasemide and furosemide in rats with heart failure. Biochem Pharmacol. 2008 Feb 1; 75(3): 649-59. Epub 2007 Oct 5.

116. Xiao J., Shimada M., Liu W., Hu D., Matsumori A. Anti-inflammatory effects of eplerenone on viral myocarditis Eur J Heart Fail, 11 (2009), pp. 349 - 353.

117. Kindermann I., Barth C., Mahfoud F., Ukena C., Lenski M., Yilmaz A., Klingel K., Kandolf R., Sechtem U., Cooper LT., 00000011.wmz M. Update on myocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012 Feb 28; 59(9): 779-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.09.074.

118. Matsumori A., Igata H., Ono K., et al. High doses of digitalis increase the myocardial production of proinflammatory cytokines and worsen myocardial injury in viral myocarditis: a possible mechanism of digitalis toxicity. Jpn Circ J, 63 (1999), pp. 934 - 940.

119. Cabinian A.E., Kiel R.J., Smith F., Ho K.L., Khatib R., Reyes M.P. Modification of exercise-aggravated coxsackievirus B3 murine myocarditis by T lymphocyte suppression in an inbred model. J Lab Clin Med, 115 (1990), pp. 454 - 462.

120. Basso C., Carturan E., Corrado D., Thiene G. Myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy in athletes: diagnosis, management and recommendations for sport activity. Cardiol Clin 2007; 25: 423 - 429.

121. Pelliccia A., Fagard R., 00000012.wmz H.H., et al; Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology; Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology. Recommendations for competitive sports participation in athletes with cardiovascular disease: a consensus document from the Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2005; 26: 1422 - 1445.

122. Maron B.J, Ackerman M.J., Nishimura R.A., Pyeritz R.E, Towbin J.A., Udelson J.E. Task Force 4: HCM and other cardiomyopathies, mitral valve prolapse, myocarditis, and Marfan syndrome J Am Coll Cardiol, 45 (2005), pp. 1340 - 1345.

123. Kandolin R., Lehtonen J., Salmenkivi K., Raisanen-Sokolowski A., Lommi J., Kupari M. Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of giantcell myocarditis in the era of combined immunosuppression. Circ Heart Fail 2013; 6: 15 - 22.

124. Schumm J., Greulich S., Wagner A., Grun S., Ong P., Bentz K., Klingel K., Kandolf R., Bruder O., Schneider S., Sechtem U., Mahrholdt H. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance risk stratification in patients with clinically suspected myocarditis. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014; 16: 14.

125. Mason J.W., O'Connell J.B., Herskowitz A., et al. A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis: The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 269 - 275.

126. Frustaci A., Russo M.A., Chimenti C. Randomized study on the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy: the TIMIC study Eur Heart J, 30 (2009), pp. 1995 - 2002.

127. McCarthy R.E. III, Boehmer J.P., Hruban R.H., et al. Long-term outcome of fulminant myocarditis as compared with acute (nonfulminant) myocarditis N Engl J Med, 342 (2000), pp. 690 - 695.

128. Cooper L.T.Jr., Menon S., Deng M., Mullin G.M., Starling R., Jaski B., Bourge R., Dec G.W., Hare J., Kao A., Leier C., Wagoner L., Zucker M., Skopecki H., Murali S., Mendez J., Caforio A.L., Rodeheffer R., Mason J.W., Ballman K.V., Gersh B.J., Tazelaar H.D., Edwards W.D. Usefulness of immunosuppression for giant cell myocarditis. Am J Cardiol 2008; 102: 1535 - 1539.

129. Kandolin R., Lehtonen J., Salmenkivi K., et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of giant-cell myocarditis in the era of combined immunosuppression. Circ: Heart Fail. 2013; 6(1): 15 - 22.

130. Ammirati E., Stucchi M., Brambatti M., et al. Eosinophilic myocarditis: a paraneoplastic event. Lancet 2015; 385: 2546.

131. McNamara D.M., Holubkov R., Starling R.C., et al. Controlled trial of intravenous immune globulin in recent-onset dilated cardiomyopathy Circulation, 103 (2001), pp. 2254 - 2259.

132. Drucker N.A., Colan S.D., Lewis A.B, et al. Gamma-globulin treatment of acute myocarditis in the pediatric population Circulation, 89 (1994), pp. 252 - 257.

133. Felix S.B., Staudt A., Landsberger M., et al. Removal of cardiodepressant antibodies in dilated cardiomyopathy by immunoadsorption. J Am Coll Cardiol, 39 (2002), pp. 646 - 652.

134. Doesch A.O., Konstandin M., Celik S., et al. Effects of protein A immunoadsorption in patients with advanced chronic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Clin Apher, 24 (2009), pp. 141 - 149.

135. Herda L.R., Trimpert C., Nauke U., et al. Effects of immunoadsorption and subsequent immunoglobulin G substitution on cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Am Heart J, 159 (2010), pp. 809 - 816.

136. Felix S.B., Staudt A., Dorffel W.V., et al. Hemodynamic effects of immunoadsorption and subsequent immunoglobulin substitution in dilated cardiomyopathy: three-month results from a randomized study. J Am Coll Cardiol, 35 (2000), pp. 1590 - 1598.

137. Doesch A.O., Konstandin M., Celik S., et al. Effects of protein A immunoadsorption in patients with advanced chronic dilated cardiomyopathy. J Clin Apher, 24 (2009), pp. 141 - 149.

138. Bulut D., Scheeler M., Wichmann T., Borgel J., Miebach T., Mugge A. Effect of protein A immunoadsorption on T cell activation in patients with inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy. Clin Res Cardiol, 99 (2010), pp. 633 - 638.

139. Krueger G.R., Ablashi D.V. Human herpesvirus-6: a short review of its biological behaviour. Intervirology 2003; 46: 257 - 269.

140. Wang Y.X., da Cunha V., Vincelette J., et al. Antiviral and myocyte protective effects of murine interferon-beta and -{alpha}2 in Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis and epicarditis in Balb/c mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 293 (2007), pp. H69 - H76.

141. Kuhl U., Pauschinger M., Schwimmbeck P.L., et al. Interferon-beta treatment eliminates cardiotropic viruses and improves left ventricular function in patients with myocardial persistence of viral genomes and left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation, 2003; 107: 2793 - 2798.

142. Schultheiss H.P., Piper C., Sowade K., et al. The effect of subcutaneous treatment with interferon-beta-1b over 24 weeks on safety, virus elimination and clinical outcome in patients with chronic viral cardiomyopathy (abstr) Circulation, 118 (2008), p. 3322.

143. Costanzo-Nordin M.R., Reap E.A., O"Connell J.B., Robinson J.A., Scanlon P.J. A nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug exacerbates Coxsackie B3 murine myocarditis J Am Coll Cardiol, 6 (1985), pp. 1078 - 1082.

144. Khatib R., Reyes M.P., Smith F., Khatib G., Rezkalla S. Enhancement of coxsackievirus B4 virulence by indomethacin J Lab Clin Med, 116, 1990, pp. 116 - 120.

145. 00000013.wmz H., Reibis R., Schwaab B., Schmid J-P. Hospital-based rehabilitation units. In Gielen S., De Backer G., Piepoli M., Wood D. The ESC Textbook of Preventive Cardiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2015.